JSW

Ruby on rails学习：用Rails开始一个项目(CMS)

记录一下rails开始一个项目的流程，以一个简单的cms的搭建为例

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新建项目

  1. 在git上新建一个项目 hfzedu-cms
  2. git clone 到本地
  3. 到 hfzedu-cms 目录，执行新建命令
# 正常的步骤
git clone git@github.com:aric-juzi/hfzedu-cms.git
cd hfzedu-cms
# 指定数据库为 mysql(默认为 sqlite3)
rails new . -d mysql
# 一般国内安装慢，可以替换下 Gemfile 里的安装源
source "https://gems.ruby-china.com"
# 升级 bundler
gem install bundler:2.2.30

创建项目相关的 model

# users
rails g model User username:string
# other models.
# ....

执行表的创建

rake db:migrate

添加一个类型+索引+uniq的字段

rails g model Category slug:string:uniq

多级分类的管理

gem "ancestry"

添加一个管理员用户

# 1. add gen & bundle install
gem 'rails_jwt_admin'

# 2. install admin
rails g rails_jwt_admin:install

# 3. check table & rake db:migrate
rake db:migrate

添加测试用户

RailsJwtAdmin::User.create(
    username: "admin", 
    email: "example@qq.com", 
    password: "123123", 
    password_confirmation: "123123"
)

添加分类 ancestry

gem "ancestry"
class Category < ApplicationRecord
    include Slugable
    has_ancestry
end
## 添加分类
c1 = Category.create(title: 'Php')
c2 = Category.create(title: 'Python')

## 添加子分类方式1
c1.children.create({ title: "php教程" })
c1.children.create({ title: "php文档" })

## 添加子分类方式2
c3 = Category.create(title: "php笔记")
c3.parent = c1
ancestry 添加分类表

安装 act-as-taggable gem

# 添加 act-as-taggable 库
gem 'acts-as-taggable-on', '~> 9.0'
# 添加 migrations
rake acts_as_taggable_on_engine:install:migrations
# bundle install

act-as-taggable常用功能

  • posts(含有多个tags)
  • tags(含有多个posts)
功能代码
添加 tags 功能
class Post < ApplicationRecord
  acts_as_taggable_on :tags
end
使用最多/最少的标签
ActsAsTaggableOn::Tag.most_used(10)
ActsAsTaggableOn::Tag.least_used(10)
根据条件得到posts
# Find users with any of the specified tags:
Post.tagged_with(["awesome", "cool"], :any => true)
当天创建的内容
class Post < ApplicationRecord
	scope :today, -> { where(published_at: Time.zone.now.beginning_of_day..Time.zone.now.end_of_day) }
end
定时发布核心功能
class Post < ApplicationRecord
	scope :ready_for_publish, -> { where("published_at <= ?", Time.now) }
end

常用命令

功能命令
生成 secret_key_base 的 key
bundle exec rake secret

sitemap <sitemap_generator> 常用命令

rake sitemap:clean                                     # Delete all Sitemap files in public/ directory
rake sitemap:create                                    # Generate sitemaps but don't ping search engines
rake sitemap:install                                   # Install a default config/sitemap.rb file
rake sitemap:refresh                                   # Generate sitemaps and ping search engines
rake sitemap:refresh:no_ping                           # Generate sitemaps but don't ping search engines

安装以及基本配置

# 安装
gem install sitemap_generator
# 添加配置 config/sitemap.rb
rake sitemap:install

一个 rails 的 cms 里的 sitemap.rb

# Set the host name for URL creation
# Not sitemap.xml.gz but sitemap.xml
SitemapGenerator::Sitemap.compress = false
SitemapGenerator::Sitemap.default_host = "https://www.example.com"

SitemapGenerator::Sitemap.create do
  # Put links creation logic here.
  #
  # The root path '/' and sitemap index file are added automatically for you.
  # Links are added to the Sitemap in the order they are specified.
  #
  # Usage: add(path, options={})
  #        (default options are used if you don't specify)
  #
  # Defaults: :priority => 0.5, :changefreq => 'weekly',
  #           :lastmod => Time.now, :host => default_host
  #
  # Examples:
  #
  # Add '/articles'
  #
  #   add articles_path, :priority => 0.7, :changefreq => 'daily'
  #
  # Add all articles:
  #
  #   Article.find_each do |article|
  #     add article_path(article), :lastmod => article.updated_at
  #   end

  add "/", :changefreq => "daily", :priority => 0.9

  Post.find_each do |item|
    add post_path(item.slug, format: :html), :lastmod => item.updated_at, priority: 0.8, changefreq: "daily"
  end

  ActsAsTaggableOn::Tag.find_each do |item|
    add "/tags/#{item.id}.html", :lastmod => item.updated_at, priority: 0.7, changefreq: 'daily'
  end

  Category.find_each do |item|
    add category_path(item.slug, format: :html), :lastmod => item.updated_at, priority: 0.2, changefreq: "monthly"
  end
end

添加每天的定时任务  config/schedule.rb

# sitemap
every 1.day, :at => '3:00 am' do
  rake 'rake sitemap:refresh', :environment => ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development'
end

首次运行

RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake sitemap:refresh

缓存你的 gem

适合一些基本不动的网站，不用运行 bundle install 等

bundle cache
缓存好的gem

参考